| Panel A: Outcomes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| International Migration (=1) |
11.17 |
(31.5) |
19.64 |
(39.73) |
5.8 |
(23.37) |
13.84*** |
(0.56) |
| Currently Abroad (=1) |
7.46 |
(26.28) |
13.51 |
(34.18) |
3.63 |
(18.7) |
9.88*** |
(0.47) |
| Return Migrant (=1) |
4.15 |
(19.95) |
7.57 |
(26.45) |
2.29 |
(14.94) |
5.28*** |
(0.4) |
| Internal Migration (=1) |
2.72 |
(16.28) |
4.73 |
(21.23) |
1.45 |
(11.95) |
3.28*** |
(0.3) |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Panel B: Exposure to Conflict |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Months of War (own district) |
53.1 |
(16.67) |
53.69 |
(16.63) |
52.72 |
(16.68) |
0.96*** |
(0.27) |
| Casualties (own district) |
239.03 |
(172.65) |
246.17 |
(176.47) |
234.5 |
(170.04) |
11.67*** |
(2.83) |
| Months of War (own district, fatal) |
49.37 |
(16.46) |
49.81 |
(16.44) |
49.1 |
(16.46) |
0.71*** |
(0.27) |
| Casualties (own district, fatal) |
208.18 |
(156.43) |
213.01 |
(159.75) |
205.11 |
(154.21) |
7.89*** |
(2.56) |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Panel C: Demographics |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Current Age |
46.64 |
(9.22) |
35.91 |
(1.4) |
53.46 |
(4.27) |
-17.55*** |
(0.05) |
| Age at Conflict Start |
25.64 |
(9.22) |
14.91 |
(1.4) |
32.46 |
(4.27) |
-17.55*** |
(0.05) |
| Male (=1) |
50.21 |
(50) |
50.31 |
(50) |
50.15 |
(50) |
0.15 |
(0.81) |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Panel D: Education (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No Education |
6.58 |
(24.8) |
4.67 |
(21.11) |
8.76 |
(28.28) |
-4.09*** |
(0.55) |
| Primary (1-5) |
34.61 |
(47.57) |
30.06 |
(45.86) |
39.79 |
(48.95) |
-9.74*** |
(1.03) |
| Secondary (6-12) |
51.99 |
(49.96) |
57.34 |
(49.46) |
45.9 |
(49.84) |
11.44*** |
(1.08) |
| Tertiary |
6.82 |
(25.21) |
7.93 |
(27.03) |
5.55 |
(22.9) |
2.38*** |
(0.54) |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Panel E: Ethnicity (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Hill High Caste |
37.81 |
(48.49) |
37.76 |
(48.48) |
37.85 |
(48.5) |
-0.09 |
(0.79) |
| Hill Janajati |
28.83 |
(45.3) |
27.08 |
(44.44) |
29.94 |
(45.8) |
-2.86*** |
(0.73) |
| Terai/Madhesi |
17.74 |
(38.2) |
19.33 |
(39.49) |
16.73 |
(37.32) |
2.61*** |
(0.63) |
| Dalit |
12.73 |
(33.33) |
12.65 |
(33.24) |
12.78 |
(33.39) |
-0.13 |
(0.54) |
| Muslim |
2.88 |
(16.74) |
3.18 |
(17.54) |
2.7 |
(16.2) |
0.48* |
(0.28) |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Panel F: Occupation (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Agriculture |
13.28 |
(33.93) |
9.04 |
(28.68) |
17.34 |
(37.87) |
-8.3*** |
(0.81) |
| High Skilled |
11.37 |
(31.74) |
11.52 |
(31.94) |
11.21 |
(31.56) |
0.31 |
(0.76) |
| Service & Clerical |
26.9 |
(44.35) |
29.11 |
(45.43) |
24.78 |
(43.18) |
4.33*** |
(1.07) |
| Craft & Manufacturing |
23.89 |
(42.64) |
24.05 |
(42.75) |
23.73 |
(42.55) |
0.32 |
(1.03) |
| Elementary/Low Skilled |
23.44 |
(42.37) |
24.32 |
(42.91) |
22.59 |
(41.83) |
1.73* |
(1.02) |
| Armed Forces |
1.13 |
(10.57) |
1.95 |
(13.83) |
0.34 |
(5.83) |
1.61*** |
(0.26) |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| N |
15906 |
|
6176 |
|
9730 |
|
|
|