| Panel A: Outcomes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| International Migration (=1) |
14.98 |
(35.69) |
24.21 |
(42.84) |
5.8 |
(23.37) |
18.42*** |
(0.5) |
| Currently Abroad (=1) |
10.46 |
(30.61) |
17.34 |
(37.86) |
3.63 |
(18.7) |
13.71*** |
(0.43) |
| Return Migrant (=1) |
5.33 |
(22.46) |
9.14 |
(28.81) |
2.29 |
(14.94) |
6.85*** |
(0.37) |
| Internal Migration (=1) |
3.82 |
(19.17) |
6.21 |
(24.14) |
1.45 |
(11.95) |
4.76*** |
(0.27) |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Panel B: Exposure to Conflict |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Months of War (own district) |
53.06 |
(16.78) |
53.41 |
(16.87) |
52.72 |
(16.68) |
0.69*** |
(0.24) |
| Casualties (own district) |
239.19 |
(172.94) |
243.9 |
(175.69) |
234.5 |
(170.04) |
9.41*** |
(2.48) |
| Months of War (own district, fatal) |
49.36 |
(16.61) |
49.63 |
(16.76) |
49.1 |
(16.46) |
0.54** |
(0.24) |
| Casualties (own district, fatal) |
208.61 |
(157.35) |
212.13 |
(160.37) |
205.11 |
(154.21) |
7.02*** |
(2.26) |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Panel C: Demographics |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Current Age |
41.68 |
(12.27) |
29.83 |
(1.96) |
53.46 |
(4.27) |
-23.63*** |
(0.05) |
| Age at Conflict Start |
20.68 |
(12.27) |
8.83 |
(1.96) |
32.46 |
(4.27) |
-23.63*** |
(0.05) |
| Male (=1) |
50.76 |
(50) |
51.36 |
(49.98) |
50.15 |
(50) |
1.21* |
(0.72) |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Panel D: Education (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No Education |
4.9 |
(21.58) |
2.98 |
(17.02) |
8.76 |
(28.28) |
-5.78*** |
(0.49) |
| Primary (1-5) |
28.35 |
(45.07) |
22.68 |
(41.88) |
39.79 |
(48.95) |
-17.12*** |
(0.91) |
| Secondary (6-12) |
57.38 |
(49.46) |
63.06 |
(48.27) |
45.9 |
(49.84) |
17.17*** |
(0.96) |
| Tertiary |
9.38 |
(29.16) |
11.28 |
(31.63) |
5.55 |
(22.9) |
5.73*** |
(0.51) |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Panel E: Ethnicity (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Hill High Caste |
37.39 |
(48.39) |
36.93 |
(48.27) |
37.85 |
(48.5) |
-0.91 |
(0.7) |
| Hill Janajati |
29.18 |
(45.46) |
28.42 |
(45.1) |
29.94 |
(45.8) |
-1.53** |
(0.65) |
| Terai/Madhesi |
17.31 |
(37.84) |
17.9 |
(38.34) |
16.73 |
(37.32) |
1.18** |
(0.54) |
| Dalit |
13.4 |
(34.07) |
14.02 |
(34.72) |
12.78 |
(33.39) |
1.24** |
(0.49) |
| Muslim |
2.71 |
(16.24) |
2.72 |
(16.27) |
2.7 |
(16.2) |
0.02 |
(0.23) |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Panel F: Occupation (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Agriculture |
10.83 |
(31.08) |
6.39 |
(24.45) |
17.34 |
(37.87) |
-10.96*** |
(0.72) |
| High Skilled |
11.91 |
(32.39) |
12.39 |
(32.95) |
11.21 |
(31.56) |
1.17* |
(0.7) |
| Service & Clerical |
27.62 |
(44.71) |
29.55 |
(45.63) |
24.78 |
(43.18) |
4.77*** |
(0.97) |
| Craft & Manufacturing |
23.97 |
(42.69) |
24.13 |
(42.79) |
23.73 |
(42.55) |
0.4 |
(0.93) |
| Elementary/Low Skilled |
24.41 |
(42.96) |
25.64 |
(43.67) |
22.59 |
(41.83) |
3.05*** |
(0.93) |
| Armed Forces |
1.27 |
(11.18) |
1.9 |
(13.64) |
0.34 |
(5.83) |
1.56*** |
(0.21) |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| N |
19403 |
|
9673 |
|
9730 |
|
|
|